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"extract": "Birmingham is a city in the north central region of Alabama, United States. It is the third-most populous city in the state, with an estimated population of 196,357 as of 2024. The Birmingham metropolitan area, with over 1.19 million residents, is the largest metropolitan area in Alabama and 47th-most populous in the US. Birmingham serves as a major regional economic, medical, and educational hub of the Deep South, Piedmont, and Appalachian regions. It is the county seat of Jefferson County.",
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"extract": "Racial segregation in the United States was the legally and/or socially enforced separation of black people from white people, as well as the de facto separation of other ethnic minorities from majority communities. Facilities and services such as housing, healthcare, education, employment, and transportation were, and in some ways are still, systematically separated in the United States on the basis of racial categorizations. While mainly referring to the physical separation and provision of separate facilities, racial segregation had other manifestations such as prohibitions against interracial marriage and the separation of roles within institutions. For example, the U.S. Armed Forces were formally segregated until 1948, as black units were separated from white units but were still typically led by white officers.",
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"text": "Police in Birmingham, Alabama, used high-pressure water hoses and dogs against civil-rights protesters, bringing scrutiny on racial segregation in the southern United States.",
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