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"extract": "GRB 970228 was the first gamma-ray burst (GRB) for which an afterglow was observed. It was detected on 28 February 1997 at 02:58 UTC. Since 1993, physicists had predicted GRBs to be followed by a lower-energy afterglow, but until this event, GRBs had only been observed in highly luminous bursts of high-energy gamma rays ; this resulted in large positional uncertainties which left their nature very unclear.",
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"extract": "GRB 970228 was the first gamma-ray burst (GRB) for which an afterglow was observed. It was detected on 28 February 1997 at 02:58 UTC. Since 1993, physicists had predicted GRBs to be followed by a lower-energy afterglow, but until this event, GRBs had only been observed in highly luminous bursts of high-energy gamma rays ; this resulted in large positional uncertainties which left their nature very unclear.",
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"description": "Penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation",
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"displaytitle": "\u003cspan lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-page-title-main\"\u003eGamma ray\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e",
"extract": "A gamma ray, also known as gamma radiation (symbol \u03b3), is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation arising from high-energy interactions like the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei or astronomical events like solar flares. Lower energy gamma radiation overlaps the upper end of X-ray radiation; they are distinguished by their different origins. Gamma ray photons have photon energy at the lower end from 104 eV to 107 eV; ultra-high-energy gamma rays have energies over 1014 eV. Paul Villard, a French chemist and physicist, discovered gamma radiation in 1900 while studying radiation emitted by radium. In 1903, Ernest Rutherford named this radiation gamma rays based on their relatively strong penetration of matter; in 1900, he had already named two less penetrating types of decay radiation (discovered by Henri Becquerel) alpha rays and beta rays in ascending order of penetrating power.",
"extract_html": "\u003cp\u003eA \u003cb\u003egamma ray\u003c/b\u003e, also known as \u003cb\u003egamma radiation\u003c/b\u003e (symbol \u003cspan class=\"texhtml \"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-selflink selflink\"\u003e\u03b3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e), is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation arising from high-energy interactions like the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei or astronomical events like solar flares. Lower energy gamma radiation overlaps the upper end of X-ray radiation; they are distinguished by their different origins. Gamma ray photons have photon energy at the lower end from 10\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e eV to 10\u003csup\u003e7\u003c/sup\u003e eV; ultra-high-energy gamma rays have energies over 10\u003csup\u003e14\u003c/sup\u003e eV. Paul Villard, a French chemist and physicist, discovered gamma radiation in 1900 while studying radiation emitted by radium. In 1903, Ernest Rutherford named this radiation \u003ci\u003egamma rays\u003c/i\u003e based on their relatively strong penetration of matter; in 1900, he had already named two less penetrating types of decay radiation (discovered by Henri Becquerel) alpha rays and beta rays in ascending order of penetrating power.\u003c/p\u003e",
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"description": "Flash of gamma rays from a distant galaxy",
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"extract": "In gamma-ray astronomy, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are extremely energetic events occurring in distant galaxies which represent the brightest and most powerful class of explosion in the Universe. These extreme electromagnetic emissions are second only to the Big Bang as the most energetic and luminous phenomena known. Gamma-ray bursts can last from a few milliseconds to several hours. After the initial flash of gamma rays, a longer-lived afterglow is emitted, usually in the longer wavelengths of X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, infrared, microwave or radio frequencies.",
"extract_html": "\u003cp\u003eIn gamma-ray astronomy, \u003cb\u003egamma-ray bursts\u003c/b\u003e (\u003cb\u003eGRBs\u003c/b\u003e) are extremely energetic events occurring in distant galaxies which represent the brightest and most powerful class of explosion in the Universe. These extreme electromagnetic emissions are second only to the Big Bang as the most energetic and luminous phenomena known. Gamma-ray bursts can last from a few milliseconds to several hours. After the initial flash of gamma rays, a longer-lived afterglow is emitted, usually in the longer wavelengths of X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, infrared, microwave or radio frequencies.\u003c/p\u003e",
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"description": "Galaxy containing the Solar System",
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"extract": "The Milky Way or Milky Way Galaxy is the galaxy that includes the Solar System, with the name describing the galaxy\u0027s appearance from Earth: a hazy band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars in other arms of the galaxy, which are so far away that they cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye.",
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"text": "GRB\u00a0970228, a highly luminous 80-second flash of gamma rays, was detected on Earth, providing early evidence that gamma-ray bursts occur well beyond the Milky Way.",
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"text": "GRB\u00a0970228, a highly luminous 80-second flash of gamma rays, was detected on Earth, providing early evidence that gamma-ray bursts occur well beyond the Milky Way.",
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