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"extract": "Sh\u014dgun , officially sei-i taish\u014dgun , was the title of the military rulers of Japan during most of the period spanning from 1185 to 1868. Nominally appointed by the Emperor, shoguns were usually the de facto rulers of the country, except during parts of the Kamakura period and Sengoku period when the shoguns themselves were figureheads, with real power in the hands of the shikken (\u57f7\u6a29) of the H\u014dj\u014d clan and kanrei (\u7ba1\u9818) of the Hosokawa clan. In addition, Taira no Kiyomori and Toyotomi Hideyoshi were leaders of the warrior class who did not hold the position of shogun, the highest office of the warrior class, yet gained the positions of daij\u014d-daijin and kampaku , the highest offices of the aristocratic class. As such, they ran their governments as its de facto rulers.",
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"description": "Japanese samurai and Military ruler from 1866 to 1868 (1837-1913)",
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"extract": "Prince Yoshinobu Tokugawa was a Japanese samurai, daimyo and the 15th and last sh\u014dgun of Japan. He was part of a movement which aimed to reform the aging Tokugawa shogunate, but was ultimately unsuccessful. He resigned his position as shogun in late 1867, while aiming at keeping some political influence. After these efforts failed following the defeat at the Battle of Toba\u2013Fushimi in early 1868, he went into retirement, and largely avoided the public eye for the rest of his life.",
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"description": "Historic 15th-century palace in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan",
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"extract": "Edo Castle is a flatland castle that was built in 1457 by \u014cta D\u014dkan in Edo, Toshima District, Musashi Province. In modern times it is part of the Tokyo Imperial Palace in Chiyoda, Tokyo, and is therefore also known as Chiyoda Castle .\nTokugawa Ieyasu established the Tokugawa shogunate there, and it was the residence of the sh\u014dgun and the headquarters of the military government during the Edo period (1603\u20131867) in Japanese history. After the resignation of the sh\u014dgun and the Meiji Restoration, it became the Tokyo Imperial Palace. Some moats, walls and ramparts of the castle survive to this day. However, the grounds were more extensive during the Edo period, with Tokyo Station and the Marunouchi section of the city lying within the outermost moat. It also encompassed Kitanomaru Park, the Nippon Budokan Hall and other current landmarks of the surrounding area.",
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"text": "Former sh\u014dgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, marking the end of the Tokugawa shogunate.",
"year": 1868
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"text": "Former sh\u014dgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, marking the end of the Tokugawa shogunate.",
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