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"extract": "The Reconstruction era, often simply called Reconstruction, was a period in United States history that followed the American Civil War (1861\u20131865) and was dominated by the legal, social, and political challenges of the abolition of slavery and federal control over, and reintegration of, the former Confederate States into the United States. Three amendments were added to the United States Constitution to grant citizenship and equal civil rights to the newly freed slaves. To circumvent these, former Confederate states imposed poll taxes and literacy tests and sought to intimidate and control the Black population and discourage or prevent them from voting.",
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"description": "1870 amendment prohibiting denial of voting rights on the basis of race",
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"extract": "The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits the federal government or any state from denying or abridging a citizen\u0027s right to vote \"on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.\" It was ratified on February 3, 1870, as the third and last of the Reconstruction Amendments.",
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"extract": "African Americans were fully enfranchised in practice throughout the United States by the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Prior to the Civil War and the Reconstruction Amendments to the U.S. Constitution, some Black people in the United States had the right to vote, but this right was often abridged or taken away. After 1870, Black people were theoretically equal before the law, but in the period between the end of Reconstruction era and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 this was frequently infringed in practice.",
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"text": "Reconstruction era: The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified, formally prohibiting race-based disenfranchisement in the United States.",
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