Ver JSON completo
{
"content_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panama",
"extract": "The United States invasion of Panama began in mid-December 1989 during the presidency of George H. W. Bush. The purpose of the invasion was to depose the de facto ruler of Panama, General Manuel Noriega, who was wanted by U.S. authorities for racketeering and drug trafficking. The operation, codenamed Operation Just Cause, concluded in late January 1990 with the surrender of Noriega. The Panama Defense Forces (PDF) were dissolved, and president-elect Guillermo Endara was sworn into office.",
"language": "en",
"normalizedtitle": "United States invasion of Panama",
"page_title": "United_States_invasion_of_Panama",
"pageid": 205550,
"raw": {
"pages": [
{
"content_urls": {
"desktop": {
"edit": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panama?action=edit",
"page": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panama",
"revisions": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panama?action=history",
"talk": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:United_States_invasion_of_Panama"
},
"mobile": {
"edit": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panama?action=edit",
"page": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panama",
"revisions": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/United_States_invasion_of_Panama",
"talk": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:United_States_invasion_of_Panama"
}
},
"description": "1989 military action in Panama",
"description_source": "local",
"dir": "ltr",
"displaytitle": "\u003cspan lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-page-title-main\"\u003eUnited States invasion of Panama\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e",
"extract": "The United States invasion of Panama began in mid-December 1989 during the presidency of George H. W. Bush. The purpose of the invasion was to depose the de facto ruler of Panama, General Manuel Noriega, who was wanted by U.S. authorities for racketeering and drug trafficking. The operation, codenamed Operation Just Cause, concluded in late January 1990 with the surrender of Noriega. The Panama Defense Forces (PDF) were dissolved, and president-elect Guillermo Endara was sworn into office.",
"extract_html": "\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cb\u003eUnited States invasion of Panama\u003c/b\u003e began in mid-December 1989 during the presidency of George H. W. Bush. The purpose of the invasion was to depose the \u003ci\u003ede facto\u003c/i\u003e ruler of Panama, General Manuel Noriega, who was wanted by U.S. authorities for racketeering and drug trafficking. The operation, codenamed \u003cb\u003eOperation Just Cause\u003c/b\u003e, concluded in late January 1990 with the surrender of Noriega. The Panama Defense Forces (PDF) were dissolved, and president-elect Guillermo Endara was sworn into office.\u003c/p\u003e",
"lang": "en",
"namespace": {
"id": 0,
"text": ""
},
"normalizedtitle": "United States invasion of Panama",
"originalimage": {
"height": 3544,
"source": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Operation_Just_Cause.png",
"width": 2336
},
"pageid": 205550,
"revision": "1357359429",
"thumbnail": {
"height": 501,
"source": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Operation_Just_Cause.png/330px-Operation_Just_Cause.png",
"width": 330
},
"tid": "dd119eb9-5e41-11f1-bdeb-b09ac6ccbfd4",
"timestamp": "2026-06-02T05:14:00Z",
"title": "United_States_invasion_of_Panama",
"titles": {
"canonical": "United_States_invasion_of_Panama",
"display": "\u003cspan lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-page-title-main\"\u003eUnited States invasion of Panama\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e",
"normalized": "United States invasion of Panama"
},
"type": "standard",
"wikibase_item": "Q459282"
},
{
"content_urls": {
"desktop": {
"edit": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Noriega?action=edit",
"page": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Noriega",
"revisions": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Noriega?action=history",
"talk": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Manuel_Noriega"
},
"mobile": {
"edit": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Noriega?action=edit",
"page": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Noriega",
"revisions": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Manuel_Noriega",
"talk": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Manuel_Noriega"
}
},
"description": "Military dictator of Panama from 1983 to 1989",
"description_source": "local",
"dir": "ltr",
"displaytitle": "\u003cspan lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-page-title-main\"\u003eManuel Noriega\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e",
"extract": "Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno was a Panamanian military officer and politician who was the de facto ruler of Panama from 1983 to 1989. He never officially served as president of Panama, instead ruling as an unelected military dictator through puppet presidents. Amassing a personal fortune through drug trafficking operations by the Panamanian military, Noriega had longstanding ties with American intelligence agencies before the United States invasion of Panama removed him from power.",
"extract_html": "\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eManuel Antonio Noriega Moreno\u003c/b\u003e was a Panamanian military officer and politician who was the \u003ci\u003ede facto\u003c/i\u003e ruler of Panama from 1983 to 1989. He never officially served as president of Panama, instead ruling as an unelected military dictator through puppet presidents. Amassing a personal fortune through drug trafficking operations by the Panamanian military, Noriega had longstanding ties with American intelligence agencies before the United States invasion of Panama removed him from power.\u003c/p\u003e",
"lang": "en",
"namespace": {
"id": 0,
"text": ""
},
"normalizedtitle": "Manuel Noriega",
"originalimage": {
"height": 2556,
"source": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Manuel_Noriega_1990_U.S._Marshal_mugshot.jpg",
"width": 2000
},
"pageid": 71421,
"revision": "1358055062",
"thumbnail": {
"height": 422,
"source": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Manuel_Noriega_1990_U.S._Marshal_mugshot.jpg/330px-Manuel_Noriega_1990_U.S._Marshal_mugshot.jpg",
"width": 330
},
"tid": "59c4b794-617f-11f1-a841-f5ea8c531c33",
"timestamp": "2026-06-06T08:11:42Z",
"title": "Manuel_Noriega",
"titles": {
"canonical": "Manuel_Noriega",
"display": "\u003cspan lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-page-title-main\"\u003eManuel Noriega\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e",
"normalized": "Manuel Noriega"
},
"type": "standard",
"wikibase_item": "Q192667"
},
{
"content_urls": {
"desktop": {
"edit": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_strongman?action=edit",
"page": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_strongman",
"revisions": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_strongman?action=history",
"talk": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Political_strongman"
},
"mobile": {
"edit": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_strongman?action=edit",
"page": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_strongman",
"revisions": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Political_strongman",
"talk": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Political_strongman"
}
},
"description": "Authoritarian political leader",
"description_source": "local",
"dir": "ltr",
"displaytitle": "\u003cspan lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-page-title-main\"\u003ePolitical strongman\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e",
"extract": "In politics, a strongman is a type of authoritarian political leader\u2014civilian or military\u2014who exerts control through military enforcement and has, or has claimed to have, strong popular support. Strongmen typically claim to have widespread popular support, portray themselves as the only one capable of solving the country\u0027s problems, and espouse a disdain for liberalism and democracy.",
"extract_html": "\u003cp\u003eIn politics, a \u003cb\u003estrongman\u003c/b\u003e is a type of authoritarian political leader\u2014civilian or military\u2014who exerts control through military enforcement and has, or has claimed to have, strong popular support. Strongmen typically claim to have widespread popular support, portray themselves as the only one capable of solving the country\u0027s problems, and espouse a disdain for liberalism and democracy.\u003c/p\u003e",
"lang": "en",
"namespace": {
"id": 0,
"text": ""
},
"normalizedtitle": "Political strongman",
"originalimage": {
"height": 1430,
"source": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%2808-12-2025%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg",
"width": 1073
},
"pageid": 2354160,
"revision": "1347372203",
"thumbnail": {
"height": 440,
"source": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%2808-12-2025%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/330px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%2808-12-2025%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg",
"width": 330
},
"tid": "62583920-3196-11f1-a587-22b8991251a8",
"timestamp": "2026-04-06T08:55:39Z",
"title": "Political_strongman",
"titles": {
"canonical": "Political_strongman",
"display": "\u003cspan lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-page-title-main\"\u003ePolitical strongman\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e",
"normalized": "Political strongman"
},
"type": "standard",
"wikibase_item": "Q648198"
},
{
"content_urls": {
"desktop": {
"edit": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_nunciature?action=edit",
"page": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_nunciature",
"revisions": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_nunciature?action=history",
"talk": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Apostolic_nunciature"
},
"mobile": {
"edit": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_nunciature?action=edit",
"page": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_nunciature",
"revisions": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Apostolic_nunciature",
"talk": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Apostolic_nunciature"
}
},
"description": "Official diplomatic representation of the Holy See",
"description_source": "local",
"dir": "ltr",
"displaytitle": "\u003cspan lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-page-title-main\"\u003eApostolic nunciature\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e",
"extract": "An apostolic nunciature is the highest-level diplomatic mission of the Holy See and functions in a manner similar to an embassy. Unlike embassies, however, apostolic nunciatures do not issue visas and do not maintain consulates.",
"extract_html": "\u003cp\u003eAn \u003cb\u003eapostolic nunciature\u003c/b\u003e is the highest-level diplomatic mission of the Holy See and functions in a manner similar to an embassy. Unlike embassies, however, apostolic nunciatures do not issue visas and do not maintain consulates.\u003c/p\u003e",
"lang": "en",
"namespace": {
"id": 0,
"text": ""
},
"normalizedtitle": "Apostolic nunciature",
"originalimage": {
"height": 3240,
"source": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/CABA_-_Recoleta_-_Nunciatura_de_la_ciudad_de_Buenos_Aires.jpg/3840px-CABA_-_Recoleta_-_Nunciatura_de_la_ciudad_de_Buenos_Aires.jpg",
"width": 4320
},
"pageid": 670365,
"revision": "1354244288",
"thumbnail": {
"height": 248,
"source": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/CABA_-_Recoleta_-_Nunciatura_de_la_ciudad_de_Buenos_Aires.jpg/330px-CABA_-_Recoleta_-_Nunciatura_de_la_ciudad_de_Buenos_Aires.jpg",
"width": 330
},
"tid": "8ec96630-501e-11f1-b844-74301cb49d0c",
"timestamp": "2026-05-15T05:26:00Z",
"title": "Apostolic_nunciature",
"titles": {
"canonical": "Apostolic_nunciature",
"display": "\u003cspan lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-page-title-main\"\u003eApostolic nunciature\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e",
"normalized": "Apostolic nunciature"
},
"type": "standard",
"wikibase_item": "Q620045"
},
{
"content_urls": {
"desktop": {
"edit": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_City?action=edit",
"page": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_City",
"revisions": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_City?action=history",
"talk": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Panama_City"
},
"mobile": {
"edit": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_City?action=edit",
"page": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_City",
"revisions": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Panama_City",
"talk": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Panama_City"
}
},
"coordinates": {
"lat": 8.9711,
"lon": -79.5347
},
"description": "Capital and largest city of the Republic of Panama",
"description_source": "local",
"dir": "ltr",
"displaytitle": "\u003cspan lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-page-title-main\"\u003ePanama City\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e",
"extract": "Panama City, also known as Panama, is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Panama. It has a total population of 410,354 in the city proper and 1,086,990 in the Panama District, which includes the outer corregimientos of the city. The metropolitan area has over 2,100,000 people. The city is at the Pacific entrance of the Panama Canal, in the province of Panama. The city is the political and administrative center of the country, as well as a hub for banking and commerce.",
"extract_html": "\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePanama City\u003c/b\u003e, also known as \u003cb\u003ePanama\u003c/b\u003e, is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Panama. It has a total population of 410,354 in the city proper and 1,086,990 in the Panama District, which includes the outer corregimientos of the city. The metropolitan area has over 2,100,000 people. The city is at the Pacific entrance of the Panama Canal, in the province of Panama. The city is the political and administrative center of the country, as well as a hub for banking and commerce.\u003c/p\u003e",
"lang": "en",
"namespace": {
"id": 0,
"text": ""
},
"normalizedtitle": "Panama City",
"originalimage": {
"height": 1152,
"source": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Panama_Papers_%28148830809%29.jpeg",
"width": 2048
},
"pageid": 57361,
"revision": "1354525156",
"thumbnail": {
"height": 186,
"source": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Panama_Papers_%28148830809%29.jpeg/330px-Panama_Papers_%28148830809%29.jpeg",
"width": 330
},
"tid": "cea8612a-5180-11f1-aa47-9543f2f310f0",
"timestamp": "2026-05-16T23:41:49Z",
"title": "Panama_City",
"titles": {
"canonical": "Panama_City",
"display": "\u003cspan lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mw-page-title-main\"\u003ePanama City\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e",
"normalized": "Panama City"
},
"type": "standard",
"wikibase_item": "Q3306"
}
],
"text": "United States invasion of Panama: Manuel Noriega, the deposed strongman of Panama, surrendered to American forces outside the apostolic nunciature in Panama City.",
"year": 1990
},
"text": "United States invasion of Panama: Manuel Noriega, the deposed strongman of Panama, surrendered to American forces outside the apostolic nunciature in Panama City.",
"thumbnail": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Operation_Just_Cause.png/330px-Operation_Just_Cause.png",
"type": "selected",
"year": 1990
}